Abstract　The fluctuating uplift acting on the slabs of the short plunge pool in Goupitan hydro project was measured in model test.Statistical characteristics of the fluctuating uplift in different flow pattern were analyzed in detail.the results provide the scientific basis for the design of bottom slabs.
Key words　energy dissipation,plunge pool,fluctuating uplift,slabs.

Abstract　A 3-D mathematical model for calculating the steady flow of circular non-buoyant turbulent jet in a cross flow is present in this paper.For closing the control equation,the k-ε turbulent model is used.The wall function method is employed to treat the wall boundary condition at the bottom plane.The closed control equations are discretized by using hybrid finite analytic method on a non-uniform staged grid system.The comparison with experimental data shows that good agreement is obtained.The trajectory is given.It is very interesting that the bifurcation phenomena and structure of horse exist in this kind of flow.
Key words　three dimensional,numerical simulation,turbulent jets,cross flow.

Abstract By means of model test and numerical calculation,the hydraulic characteristics and ship berthing conditions during the final phase of complicated dispersing filling and emptying system are studied.The results show that the over-filling(-emptying) can be controlled to ensure the safety of ship berthing,as long as the miter gate is opened at the time of uniform water level and the valve is closed in advance.
Key words　ship lock,ship berthing conditions,over-filling(-emptying).

Abstract 　The stress-strain-volume variation characteristics of fly ash under different specific stress increment paths are studied. A nonlinear elastic constitutive model is suggested with the effect of strain-softening, shear dilatancy (shrinkage) properties and stress path taken into account. The suitability of this model is verified by experimental result and FEM.
Key words strain-softening, shear dilatancy (shrinkage), stress-path, stress ratio, constitutive model, FEM.

Abstract　A stochastic hydrological model with physical concept is set up by the use of the ITO stochastic differential equation. In the simulation of daily streamflow of the Pinshen hydrologic station, the hydrological concept parameter of the model is analyzed and derived by determined method. Thus the simulation of streamflow with hydrological physical concept basis can be realized.
Key words hydrological physical concept, stochastic model, daily streamflow.

Abstract In this paper, a mathematical model for risk calculation of diversion during construction is developed. The diversion risk is defined as the probability of the maximum discharge higher than the maximum design flood. In this model, the peak discharge of flood, flood total outflow and flood process are to be considered. The method for calculating probability density function of maximum discharge during construction is discussed and calculating program with Monte-Calo method and a simplified formula for calculating diversion risk are suggested
Key words construction diversion, flood process, risk.

Abstract　In this paper a numerical method for equations of transport and biodegradation in the fractured media is discussed.Because the equations consist of terms related to advection,diffusion,biochemical as well as the term of exchange betwen the fracture and the porous media,it is very difficult to find their solution.In order to find more efficient method for solving these equations,several numerical methods for the equations without biochemical terms are discussed first.The numerical results show that the cubic spline method can be used to solve advection flow dominated problem which often occurred in the fractured media.Then,the equation with both advection-diffusion term and biochemical term are discussed.The splitting-operator is used to decouple the advection and diffusion terms with biochemical term in the equations.The way to determine the smaller time step for solving fast biochemical terms is introduced through comparing the order of characteristic time of biochemical term with that advection(diffusion)term.Numerical simulation results show that good agreement between analytical solution and experiment result is attained.
Key words　numerical method,biodegradation,subsurface acquifer,advection,diffusion.

Abstract　The channel flow and groundwater flow are coupled by the flux through the river boundary.The extended Saint-Venant equations are used to describe channel flow and the finite difference are chosen as the numerical method.The groundwater could be 2-D or 3-D and the finite element solution is used.These two models are coupled by the theoretical numerical way.The coupled model is tested by a designed hydrological basin and the calculation results show that the model is reasonable.
Key words　channel flow, groundwater flow, coupling model, finite difference, finite element method.

Abstract In this paper a formation model of aging and faults is established for hydraulic structure group. The transformable relationships among states of aging, maintenance and replacement are intensively inquired into under certain conditions. A possibly reached stable state of structure group is analysed. Finally, the practical valuable macro-forecast and control models for hydraulic structure group are proposed.
Key words structure group, stable state, aging and faults, forecast, control.

Abstract Based on analyzing the mechanism of water transformation in hillslope under natural rainfall condtion, a dynamic model has been presented in this paper. The model can simulate infiltration during rainfall, overland flow and soil water movement in hillslope. New concepts were brought forward such as intensity of slope accepting rainfall, modifying coefficient of saturated soil water content. In this model the influence of slope degree, slope orientation and raindrop inclination on the amount of slope accepting rainfall, the effects of surface seal on infiltration and water balance under flux boundary condition have been taken into account. Also, the methods for parameter adoption and measurement have been discussed. The result of the field application has shown that the model has a high precision in simulating the water dynamic state and water transformation in hillslope under natural rainfall condition.
Key words soilwater content, water transformation, infiltratin, rainfall, hillslope, dynamic model.

Abstract This paper presents the erosion resistance and freeze-thaw resistance properties of steel fiber silica powder concrete. The characteristics of this kind of concrete in the course of freeze-thaw can be obtained by calculating the loss of strength. It analyses the mechanism of the erosion resistance and freeze-thaw resistance properties of steel fiber silica powder concrete.The test results show that this kind of concrete is good in erosion resistance and freeze-thaw resistance. It is the best choice for those projects which suffer from erosion and abrasion.
Key words steel fiber silica powder concrete, erosion and abrasion, freeze-thaw cycle,test and research.

Abstract　A method for analyzing aseismic reliability of gravity dam is put forward in this paper. It is significant in theory and practice and is very convenient.
Key words　gravity dam,earthquake,reliability.

Abstract　Based on the theory of plant physology for limited water deficit,this paper presents the lag effect of water deficit on leaf area indexes,evapotranspiration and yield.The assumption is given that the lag effect at present growth stage is only related to water deficit at post stage.The improved model of crop response to water is obatined through experiment for insufficient irrigation.It can simulate yield related to water deficit at single or multistage.
Key words　limited water deficit,lag effect,insufficient irrigation,model of crop response to water.

Abstract　A method for model identification is proposed in this paper according to visco-elastic model.In the model the equivalent elastic modules is determined.Then the parameters of specific model are decided.After that,a best suitable model is identified by fuzzy method.A shiplock excavation of the Three Gorges Project is studied by using this method.The results demonstrates that the method is feasible and applicable.
Key words　visco-elastic model,model identification,deformation forecast.